Corneal Ulcers / Eye Trauma (Due to Shallow Eye Sockets and Prominent Eyes) in Dogs and Cats

Ulcerative keratitis

An open sore on the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye. Brachycephalic dogs and cats, whose shallow eye sockets leave their prominent eyes more exposed and less protected by a full blink, are especially prone to this painful condition.

Symptoms

Squinting or keeping the eye closed
Redness and swelling around the eye
Excessive tearing or discharge
Pawing or rubbing at the eye
Cloudiness or a visible dent/divot on the surface of the eye
Sensitivity to light

Causes

Increased corneal exposure and incomplete blinking in breeds with prominent eyes and shallow sockets (Pugs, Bulldogs, Shih Tzus, Persians, Himalayans)
Physical trauma: scratches from another pet, contact with branches or furniture, or self-inflicted rubbing
Foreign material trapped in the eye
Underlying conditions like dry eye, abnormal eyelashes, or eyelid conformation issues that increase irritation
In cats specifically, feline herpesvirus is a leading cause

Treatments

Most simple, superficial ulcers heal within about a week with prompt treatment
Antibiotic eye drops or ointment to prevent or treat infection
Pain management, since corneal ulcers are very painful
An Elizabethan collar (cone) to prevent the pet from rubbing or worsening the injury
Surgery for deep or non-healing ulcers, as untreated ulcers can progress to rupture and vision loss

This condition is common in the following Dogs & Cats

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