Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) in Dogs and Cats

Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD)

An inherited kidney condition in which fluid-filled cysts are present in the kidneys from birth and gradually enlarge, displacing healthy kidney tissue. Well-documented and relatively common in Persian and Persian-related cats; much rarer in dogs, seen mainly in Bull Terriers, Cairn Terriers, and West Highland White Terriers.

Symptoms

Increased thirst and urination
Weight loss
Poor appetite
Lethargy
Vomiting
Enlarged kidneys detectable on physical exam or imaging
Signs often don’t appear until middle age in both species

Causes

An inherited autosomal dominant genetic mutation
Most prevalent in Persian and Persian-related cat breeds, and in Bull Terrier-type dog breeds
Only one copy of the mutated gene, inherited from one parent, is needed to cause the disease

Treatments

No specific cure or treatment to reverse the cysts
Managed the same way as chronic kidney disease of any cause: prescription renal diets, fluid therapy, and medication to manage complications
Genetic testing available for breeding animals to help reduce the disease’s prevalence
Regular monitoring of kidney function through bloodwork and imaging

This condition is common in the following Dogs & Cats

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