Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) in Dogs and Cats

Intervertebral disc disease

A neurological condition affecting dogs (and occasionally cats) in which the cushioning discs between the vertebrae bulge or rupture into the spinal canal, compressing the spinal cord. Also known as a slipped, herniated, or bulging disc. It’s especially common in chondrodystrophic (“long-back, short-leg”) breeds.

Symptoms

Reluctance to jump, climb stairs, or move normally
Yelping or signs of pain when touched or picked up
Hunched back or lowered head
Wobbly or uncoordinated gait (ataxia)
Weakness or dragging of the hind limbs
Loss of bladder or bowel control
In severe cases, complete paralysis

Causes

Hansen Type I: sudden herniation of a hardened, degenerated disc, often triggered by a jump or sudden movement — most common in chondrodystrophic breeds like Dachshunds, Corgis, Basset Hounds, French Bulldogs, and Shih Tzus
Hansen Type II: slow, age-related degeneration and bulging of the disc — more common in larger breeds like German Shepherds and Labrador Retrievers
Genetic predisposition tied to breed and cartilage development
General wear and aging of the spine

Treatments

Mild cases: strict crate rest, anti-inflammatory medication, and pain control, often for several weeks
Moderate to severe cases: surgery (such as a hemilaminectomy) to remove the herniated disc material and relieve spinal cord pressure
Physical rehabilitation to support recovery and mobility
Early intervention significantly improves outcomes, especially in dogs that still have sensation in their limbs

This condition is common in the following Dogs & Cats

No data was found